The questioner wants to know the explanation, clarification and clarification of the meanings of the verses: (23, 24, 25, 26) from Surat Al NisaaAnd an explanation of the meaning of the Almighty’s saying: “And of those whom your right hands possess, of your believing damsels,” and he asks about the reward intended in this verse? Is this situation permissible in our time? What is the meaning of its people’s permission? Since he already owns it, what is the reason for permission from its people? A question answered by Dar Al-Iftaa as follows:
Explanation, clarification, and clarification of the meanings of verses: (23, 24, 25, 26) from Surat An-Nisa
God Almighty says in His Mighty Book: “Your mothers have been forbidden to you.” [النساء: 23]That is, it is forbidden for you to marry mothers.
The number of forbidden women in the text of the book is fourteen categories: seven by lineage from his saying: “your mothers” to his saying: “and sister’s daughters,” and seven by reason from his saying: “and your mothers who breastfed you” to his saying: “and chaste women.” Of the women [النساء: 24].
The Sunnah has proven the prohibition of other types. Such as combining a woman with her paternal aunt, a woman with her paternal aunt, marrying a woman who is observing the waiting period, and marrying a fifth woman to someone who has four wives.
Mothers include grandmothers wherever they are. Because the mother is the origin.
“And your daughters” means the branches.
“And the mothers of your wives” meaning: the mothers of your wives, and they are forbidden by the mere contract according to the majority.
“And the mothers of your wives and your stepdaughters who are in your chambers” meaning: your husband’s daughters whom you have raised, and the mention of the stone is not for the restricted, but rather for the dominant; Because most likely she is with her mother and the husband is responsible for raising her, and this is unanimously agreed upon, “Of your women with whom you have consummated sexual intercourse, but if you have not consummated sexual intercourse with them, then there is no blame on you.” Consummation here is a metaphor for intercourse, that is, from your women with whom you have consummated the act of covering, as Ibn Abbas said. If it is not O believers, may If you enter into marriage with their mothers and separate from them, there is no blame on you for marrying their daughters.
“And the wives of your sons who are from your descendants” meaning: It is forbidden for you to marry the wives of your sons whom you have given birth to from your descendants, unlike those whom you have adopted, for you may marry the wives of your sons whom you have given birth to from your descendants.
“And not to bring two sisters together except what has already been done” meaning: It is forbidden to you to bring two sisters together in marriage, except what you did during pre-Islamic times, for which God has pardoned.
“Indeed, God is ever Forgiving, Most Merciful” meaning: Forgiving of what has preceded and Merciful to His servants.
“And chaste women, except those whom your right hands possess.” [النساء: 24] That is: It is forbidden for you to marry married women before their husbands leave them, except for those whom you took possession of through captivity, and it is permissible for you to have intercourse with them after istibrā’ for one menstrual period, from which it appears that their wombs are free of pregnancy, and after that it becomes permissible to marry them if they convert to Islam, or to have intercourse with them without a marriage contract with whomever they fall in love with. In his share as they are right-wing property, whether they convert to Islam or not; This is due to the decline in marriage between them and their husbands as a result of their captivity, or by their captivity alone and not their husbands, because with captivity the infidel’s protection is cut off.
“God’s decree is upon you” meaning: God has decreed for you the prohibition of these forbidden things mentioned in a book and imposed it as an obligation, “And He has made lawful for you what is beyond that” meaning: He has made lawful for you the marriage of anything other than them, “that you seek to be chaste with your wealth.” “Not fornicating.” That is, the desire to seek women in a legitimate way, while being chaste Yourselves with whomever you ask for forbidden enjoyment with your money, not adulterous. What is meant by chastity here: chastity and protecting oneself from falling into immorality, and by fornication: adultery from indecency, which is pouring and flowing water, and it is called adultery; Because the adulterer has no purpose other than to produce only the sperm and not the offspring.
“So whatever of them you enjoy, give them their wages as an obligation, and there is no blame on you regarding what you have agreed upon after the obligation. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise” meaning: So any women you enjoy after marrying them, God has made it permissible for you to have intercourse with them, so pay them their dowries that you have determined for them as a right upon you, which you do not forgive, which you must pay. On a date, and there is no blame on you for what happened between you by mutual consent, such as a wife giving up some of her dowry or a husband adding to it. Indeed, God was and still is aware of the affairs of His servants, arranging for them the provisions that will improve their affairs.
“And whoever among you is not able to marry chaste, believing women” [النساء: 25]That is, whoever among you is not capable of marrying free, believing women, “And of those whom your right hands possess are of your believing damsels,” meaning: he may marry among the believing slave girls whom the believers own.
“And God knows best your faith” is an interjecting sentence to show that it is sufficient in faith to know the apparent, and God is in charge of the secrets.
“Some of you are from others” meaning: You are all sons of Adam, and from one soul, so do not refrain from marrying them, for a female slave is better than a free woman.
“So marry them with the permission of their families” meaning: marry them by order of their masters and with the approval of their masters, “and give them their wages in a reasonable manner” meaning: pay them their dowries willingly and do not deprive them of anything out of disdain for them because they are slave slaves. chaste women, not fornicating nor taking deceit, chaste women, not known for adultery, nor They had friends who committed adultery with them, and in pre-Islamic times they forbade apparent adultery and made permissible what was hidden.
“So if he is married, then if he commits an indecent act, they will be subject to half the punishment of pure women” meaning: If he is married by marriage, then commits adultery, then they will be subject to half of the punishment for free women in terms of adultery.
“That is for him who fears stubbornness among you.” That is, the marriage of female slaves is only permitted for him who fears for himself falling into adultery. So that the boy does not become a slave, and in the hadith, “Whoever wants to meet God, pure and purified, let him marry free women,” narrated by Ibn Majah.
“And God is Forgiving, Most Merciful” meaning: wide in forgiveness, great in mercy. “God wants to make it clear to you.” [النساء: 26]That is: God wants to detail for you the laws of your religion and the interests of your affairs, “And guide you to the ways of those before you,” meaning: He guides you to the paths of the prophets and the righteous; So that you may imitate them, “And He will turn to you” meaning: He will accept your repentance for the sins and forbidden things you have committed, “And God is All-Knowing, All-Wise” meaning: He is All-Knowing of the conditions of His servants, All-Wise in His legislation for them.
What is meant by the Almighty’s saying: “Of your believing damsels”
What is meant by the Almighty’s saying: “Among your believing damsels” is the believing slave girls who are owned by the believers. The Qur’an does not call female slaves slaves, slave girls, or slave girls. Rather, it calls them girls as an expression of the reality of the human relationship that exists between free people and slaves in Islamic society.
What is meant by reward in the noble verse
What is meant by the reward in the noble verse is the dowry. Islam honors them rather than selling their honor for money. Rather, it is marriage and marriage, and the girl’s dowry is not her master’s, but rather her right.
What is meant by the permission of their families is that the master is the guardian of his female slave who cannot be married without his permission, and likewise he is the guardian of his slave who does not have the right to marry without his permission. As stated in the hadith, “Any slave who marries without the permission of his master is a prostitute,” narrated by Abu Dawud. That is: beech. If the owner of the female slave is a woman, her husband is someone who marries the woman with her permission.
This applies to the one who does not own the female slave, but as for the one whose share it falls in, he has the right to have intercourse with her without a marriage contract, as she is the property of a right-hand man, after purifying her kinship, as previously mentioned.
Islam’s position on this situation in our time
Islam never commanded slavery, and there was no text in the Qur’an about the slavery of prisoners, but it came and established slavery as a global system upon which the global economy was based, and the slavery of prisoners became an international custom adopted by all warriors, so it was not necessary to wait in treating the existing social situation, and it chose Islam. To dry up the sources and resources of slavery until this entire system ends with time.